International experiences with the hospital anxiety and depression scale. A number of published studies have provided support for the original bidimensional structure of the hads. Pdf uso del cuestionario hospital anxiety and depression. The correlation of anxiety and depression levels with. Full text the hospital anxiety and depression scale, in. Outcome measure hospital anxiety and depression scale hads sensitivity to change yes population adult domain psychological status anxiety and depression type of measure selfreport scale icfcodes b152 emotional functions description the hads is a 14item selfreport measure, with seven items forming a depression subscale and another seven measuring anxiety. Hads officially distributed by mapi research trust. Development and validation of arabic version of the. Single questions for the screening of anxiety and depression. The objective of this report was to study the metric properties of the portuguese version of hads regarding ms. Nimhans is the apex centre for mental health and neuroscience education in the country. Melissa maguire, in handbook of clinical neurology, 2019. Institute of mental health and neuro sciences, nimhans publication no. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads please check you.
It consists of questions which assess both anxiety hadsa and depression hadsd. Detection of anxiety and depression in cancer patients nimhans. The hospital anxiety and depression scale 363 table 1 numbers of patients in each category according to subscale scores depression anxiety scale non doubtful scale non doubtful scores cases cases cases scwres cases cases. Outcome measure hospital anxiety and depression scale hads sensitivity to change yes population adult domain psychological status anxiety and depression type of measure selfreport scale icfcodes b152 emotional functions description the hads is a 14item selfreport measure, with seven items forming a. Responses are based on the relative frequency of symptoms over the past week. Management is with counselling, psychological interventions and antidepressants. A confirmatory factor analysis of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. Instruments used for evaluation were the scale for assessment of somatic symptoms, hospital anxiety and depression scale, psychiatric assessment schedule, and dsmiiir. Aug 01, 2003 for instance, the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was suggested as a potential prom for the psychological assessment of patients 32, 33. Validation of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. Mcmanus s, meltzer h, brugha t, bebbington p, jenkins r, eds. Depression abc of antidepressants city life and mental health 18 8.
He also set up the association for mental handicap near nimhans. Comparing empirically and theoretically derived structures. Introduction depression is the most frequent psychiatric disorder in patients with parkinsons disease pd 1,2. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is officially distributed by mapi research trust. Department of psychiatry, nimhans hosur road bangalore.
The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a frequently used selfrating scale developed to assess psychological distress in nonpsychiatric patients. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads comprising 14 items, seven of which relate to anxiety symptoms and seven to depressive symptoms, is used to measure anxiety and depression among the participants of this study. There was a significant association between the family type and the level of depression as well as qualityoflife. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a brief selfreporting twodimensional questionnaire developed to screen for levels of anxiety and depression among patients in a general hospital setting. Icd10 and diagnostic and statistical manual of mental. Tick the box beside the reply that is closest to how you have been feeling in the past week. Diagnostic accuracy of the depression subscale of the. Hospital anxiety and depression scale scoring sheet. The hospital anxiety and depression scale, or hads, was. Plus our regular features overcoming forgetfulness help in 6 grief 29 hallucinations helping in 29.
Each item was answered by the patient on a fourpoint 03 response category so the possible scores ranged from 021 for anxiety and 021 for depression. Effect of yoga on anxiety and depression levels of. Padmavathy incharge staff nurse nimhans centre for well being editorial board ms. Hads officially distributed by mapi research trust eprovide. Hospital anxiety and depression scale for use with adolescents. Nimhans nimhans national institute of mental health and. Prevalence and socioeconomic impact of depressive disorders in india. In relation to each item, participants report their sub. Hads is a screening tool that can help to quickly and effectively identify patients that show symptoms of depression andor anxiety. It was divided into an anxiety subscale hadsa and a depression subscale hadsd both containing seven. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads strokengine.
The anxiety and depressive subscales are also valid measures of severity of the emotional disorder. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads we used a validated nepali translation of hads 17 to estimate the prevalence of anxiety and depression. Dear editor, we read with interest the findings by phan et al. Effect of yoga on anxiety and depression levels of adolescent. It contains a total of 14 questions related to anxiety and depression, 7 questions each for anxiety and depression. Yoga in depression one day seminar, 26th september, 2010 advanced center for yoga mental health and neurosciences, nimhans held one day seminar on yoga in depression in nimhans on 26th september, 2010 at neuroscience faculty block, nimhans, bangalore. Depression prevalence using the hadsd compared to scid major. The validity of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads has been used extensively as a screening tool for anxiety and depression in clinical and nonclinical groups. The objectives of this study were to present some psychometric properties of the hads on a. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was originally developed by zigmond and snaith 1983 and is commonly used by doctors to determine the levels of anxiety and depression that a person is experiencing.
Psychometric properties of the hospital anxiety and. Development and validation of arabic version of the hospital. The hads hospital anxiety and depression scale aims to measure symptoms of anxiety hads anxiety and depression hads depression. Often, these studies report results from a small range of cutoff thresholds. It consists of two subscales, anxiety and depression 5. Assessment was done at the time of admission and discharge with paindetect questionnaire pdq, neuropathic pain scale nps, sf 36 survey, medical research council mrc score, incat sensory sum score iss, overall disability sumscore odss, hughes disability score hds, hospital anxiety and depression scale hads, and fatigue severity. Anxiety and depression are common in older people living in the community. Effect of yoga therapy on anxiety and depressive symptoms and. The aim of the study was to investigate their impact on clinical outcomes during a randomised controlled trial investigating the cost benefits of influenza vaccination in fit and healthy, independent living 6574 year olds. Introduction the depression subscale of the hospital anxiety and depression scale hadsd has been recommended for depression screening in medically ill patients. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads 27 was created to this end, to evaluate the emotional state of nonpsychiatric subjects with physical disease cared for in outpatient hospital services28.
A subscore of 8 for depression or anxiety would indicate a clinical case. Any overlap, for instance impaired concentration secondary to pain rather than depression, is usually easy to separate on an individual basis. Nimhans updates in the management of depression 28th august. Anxiety and depression in patients with amputated limbs. After scoring your depression scale and anxiety questions, your doctor may refer you to a mental health provider or suggest that you start psychotherapy. D depression subscale of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. The hads is widely used but has shown ambiguous results both regarding the factor structure and sex differences in the prevalence of depressive symptoms. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is an instrument designed to detect the presence and severity of mild degrees of mood disorder, anxiety and depression.
The prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with. Santosh chaturvedi national institute of mental health. Sensitivity analyses were performed using the reference standards of hads. Assistant professor of mental health education nimhans smt d. Prasanthi nattala associate professor of nursing nimhans dr. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads spinal cord. We aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with gca using hads and compare its results to sf36. I get very frightened or have panic feelings for apparently no reason at all. The theme of the seminar was research on yoga in depression. The hads questionnaire is pertinent for detecting symptoms of anxiety and depression in a population of people at work. The national institute of mental health and neurosciences is a premier medical institution in bengaluru, india. Depression causes greater disability and patients adhere to the treatment less, if coexists with a medical condition. There is a need to assess the contribution of mood disorder, especially anxiety and depression, in order to understand the experience of suffering in the setting of medical practice.
Hospital anxiety and depression scale the hads is a selfadministered scale consisting of 14 items split across anxiety and depression subscales, each with a fourpoint ordinal response format. Nimhans nimhans national institute of mental health. It is used extensively in france, but has never been the subject of a full study in a population at work. To reduce the risk of a false positive bias, the scale does not assess symptoms of anxiety and depression related to.
Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads tick the box beside the reply that is closest to how you have been feeling in the past week. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was used in cancer patients n 251, 43. The correlations between the two subscales varied from. Hadsanxiety and hads depression, each of seven items. Hospital anxiety and depression scale 28, is used as a screening scale to assess anxiety and depression level of the patients. Chandra professor of psychiatry coordinator, nimhans centre for well being sub editors dr. National institute of mental health and neurosciences. Hads has been validated also for use in adolescents8. The hospital anxiety and depression scale, in patients. It is suggested that the introduction of the scales into general hospital practice would. Research article open access a validation study of the. The hospital anxiety and depression scale zigmond 1983. Seven of the items relate to anxiety and seven relate to depression.
Is the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads a. For instance, the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was suggested as a potential prom for the psychological assessment of patients 32, 33. Nearly 36% of the patients reported symptoms indicative of borderline or case anxiety before surgery, which decreased to 25% 1 week after surgery. Hads focuses on nonphysical symptoms so that it can be used to diagnose depression in people with significant physical illhealth. Hospital anxiety and depression scale, hds page 2 of 4 4 i can laugh and see the funny side of things as much as i always could 0 not quite so much now 1 definitely not so much now 2 not at all 3 5 worrying thoughts go through my mind a great deal of the time 3 a lot of the time 2 not too often 1 very little 0 6 i feel cheerful never 3 not. Validation of the hospital anxiety and depression scale for use with adolescents. Major depression is a disabling condition which adversely affects a persons family, work or school life, sleeping, eating habits and general health. Parkinsons disease, depression, hospital anxiety and depression scale hads, geriatric depression scale gds 1. Is the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads a valid.
After examining initial drafts by 6 independent translators, an agreed urdu text was given to 6 back. Nimhans is ranked 4th best medical institute in india, having applied for the first time in nirf ranking of 2020. Evaluation of anxiety and depression among working women. Aug 28, 2020 the hospital anxiety and depression scale gave them a quick, concise way to determine if their patient needs special considerations in their medical treatment and mental health treatments as well. Anxiety and depression in an older research population and.
Common somatic complaints in the index group were pain 19%, fatigue 17%, sensory symptoms 30%, and mixed symptoms 27%. Hospital anxiety and depression rating scale hads, a validated. The hospital anxiety and depression scale 23hads is a popular instrument among researchers from different nations and cultures. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is useful in diagnosing anxiety and depression. This is a sample version of the hospital anxiety and. Validation of the hospital anxiety and depression scale for. Ivrs based telephone outpatient services nimhans psychosocial support and mental health services helpline national epilepsy day 8th feb 2021 attention external pgtrainees posted at nimhans signs, symptoms and basic protective measures against covid19 addendum with respect to the exit examination notification of. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads and the 9. Please visit proqolideprovide for more information. Serum cpk values ranged from 51 to 1688 iul median. More participants from nuclear families had higher levels of depression p0.
Nimhans institutional ethics committee provided ethical clearance and. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads 1 was developed by zigmond and snaith in 1983 to identify caseness possible and probable of anxiety disorders and depression among patients in nonpsychiatric hospital clinics. Hads is a 14item instrument designed to assess the levels of anxiety and depression. Hospital anxiety and depression scale rehabmeasures database. I wake early and then sleep badly for the rest of the night. Baseline scores of anxiety, depression and qualityoflife were comparable in the two groups table2.
The translation and evaluation of an urdu version of the. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a questionnaire widely used for detecting anxiety and depressive disorders. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was used to measure anxiety and depression symptoms at baseline and at the culmination of the study. Many existing hadsd studies have used exploratory methods to select optimal cutoffs. Most physicians are aware of this aspect of the illness of their patients but many feel incompetent to provide the patient with reliable information. There are no epilepsy specific anxiety screening tools available for use at present, although anxiety screening is a part of the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads, a 14 item checklist in which 7 items relate to anxiety.
Results reported in studies present a large variation. Based on the hads scale, anxiety and depression were present in 12 and 11 patients respectively. Hospital anxiety and depression scale scoring sheet yes definitely yes sometimes no, not much no, not at all 1. Pdf the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads has been widely used on cancer patients as an indicator of psychological morbidity. Assessment of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. Most factor analyses demonstrated a twofactor solution in good accordance with the hads subscales for anxiety hadsa and depression hadsd, respectively. Microsoft word hospital anxiety and depression scale scoring sheet. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was developed from a study conducted in the outpatient clinic of a general medical hospital. The findings of this study were published by zigmond and snaith 19831.
Overall, it has demonstrated satisfactory psychometric. Pdf development and validation of nimhans screening tool for. Participation in 8week yoga intervention resulted in significant reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms. It is an institute of national importance operates autonomously under the ministry of health and family welfare. It is presented as an easy to use questionnai re which allows to establish the presence and.
In a physically well patient, depression usually manifests as poor appetite, weight loss, and even fatigue. Factor structure of the hospital anxiety and depression scale in older patients with major depression. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a validated pro to assess depression and anxiety and to the best of our knowledge has never been evaluated in patients with gca. Depression prevalence using the hadsd compared to scid. Hadsd should not be used as a substitute for a validated diagnostic interview. The translation of the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads into urdu was undertaken by the authors in committee. Further, it happens to be a leading cause for suicide. Pdf hospital anxiety and depression scale hads eniryz. Thus, synthetic data are needed to understand impact of depression in adults with scd. Each question is scored using 03 response, 0 being lowest figure 1. Hads is comprised of 14 questions which assess levels of depression and anxiety. Coordinator, nimhans centre for well being sub editors dr.
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